Automobile disks (wheels)

Wheels and wheel disks - questions and answers

Why easily floatable wheels it is better, than steel?

With growth of manufacture of aluminum and occurrence of the processing centers under control of computers, easily floatable wheels were widely adopted also their advantages in relation to regular steel wheels usual motorists have felt.

Excellent appearance of wheels. The designer can create, and manufacture - to embody. The technology of molding gives freedom in creation of design of a wheel.

The minimality of a disbalance and accuracy of the adjusting sizes is reached for estimates of accuracy of operational development of compression molds and fur of processing of surfaces of rotation.

Ease and durability of a wheel.

Easily floatable wheels it is easier than traditional steel disks as the alloy basis is made by aluminum - easy, "winged" metal. The concrete weight of a wheel is defined by its design. Durability of a wheel depends on a design, quality of an alloy and performance of technology requirements at each stage. Mechanical properties of an aluminum alloy after a smithery it is better, than an alloy applied at molding of wheels, therefore since the diameter in fifteen inches shod wheels, as a rule, it is easier cast.

What gives small weight of a wheel?

In pair kgs it is more, in pair kgs it is less, what difference?

Difference big. Easily floatable wheel is easier steel on 20-50 %. What does it mean for a suspension bracket, for a car course? The car will go more softly, more smoothly. As, the the weight less hung out on springs, the more smoothly a car course, also are fast extinguished fluctuations. And consequently - big comfort and smaller deterioration of a suspension bracket.

It is known that the loaded car goes more smoothly. Why? We will remember physics. If two cargoes to connect and to strike on one both cargoes will soon fluctuate with the identical frequency defined in weights of both cargoes and rigidity of a spring. And if one cargo easy (wheel), other heavy (body) frequency of fluctuations in big to a measure is defined by weight of easy cargo (wheel) and rigidity of a spring.

In dynamics of passage of roughnesses of road decrease in weight of a wheel on one kg is equivalent to increase in weight at 15-20 kg. That is the comfort increases, as though in a body have in regular intervals distributed additional 60-80 kg, and actually the weight of the car hardly has decreased, and fast dynamics has improved.

Aluminum, it such soft how it is possible to make a wheel of it?

The sensation of softness goes from an aluminum foil (in which it is possible to prepare perfectly a hen or fish in an oven) and aluminum veins of electric wires. Electric wires and many grades of a foil are made of technically pure aluminum.

Wheel do not of aluminum, and from aluminum alloys. And properties of applied alloys such that cast or shod wheels perceive blow, than steel is much better, and keep the form.

If to reject catastrophically strong blows easily floatable wheels from aluminum alloys are almost eternal.

The variety of aluminum alloys allows to pick up a material for the decision of rather difficult engineering problems. For example, by a molding method under pressure of aluminum alloys do such responsible parts of internal combustion engines, as pistons, integral cast blocks without steel sleeves and coverings in the combustion chamber.

What wheels it is better - cast or shod?

The best wheel what approaches on your car and is pleasant to you. And GOST for easily floatable wheels one.

If you can't be defined, what technology to prefer, it is possible to choose a wheel where there are both technologies. For example, firm OZ lets out a wheel: a disk - a shod, external rim - an internal rim - cast, - and all it is braided by titanic bolts.

How to distinguish modular easily floatable wheels from "molding" (cast wheels)?

The basic part of easily floatable wheels in the world - cast (one partial, monoblock), made on technology of molding under pressure or molding. In two partial easily floatable wheels the disk and a rim are connected by the steel or titanic bolts in regular intervals distributed on perimeter of a rim. Heads of these bolts also give to a wheel the unusual, "heaped up" kind. We will notice that the disk and a rim can be made on various technologies.

Many firms let out wholly cast wheels with the short bolts having purely decorative character. To distinguish wholly a cast wheel with bolts from modular, it is necessary to look at a wheel from an underside. At wholly cast borders of transition from a rim to a disk are continuous (without a seam).

Technical advantages modular wheels, especially with steel bolts, before wholly cast have no. Bolts only increase wheel weight, besides can be lost, especially on our roads.

Whether it is possible to establish easily floatable wheels on the car independently?

Basically installation of easily floatable wheels on the car differs from installation of steel wheels a little, and it can be executed independently. But there is a number of the reasons on which we recommend to establish the wheels especially new, in the specialized service centers. We will list them:

Installation should be carried out on the good equipment not to damage a paint and varnish layer.

At tire balancing on a wheel with use of cargoes on "flypaper" the corresponding mode of the balancing machine tool should get out.

At installation it is necessary to be convinced that length of a carving part of a bolt or a hairpin sufficient for reliable fastening of a wheel. For example, "a native" Zhigulevsk bolt by which the steel wheel is turned, it is impossible to use - insufficient length of a carving part, absence of "skirt". Therefore easily floatable wheels for "Zhiguli", as a rule, are completed with the bolts.

At installation of wheels it is necessary to be convinced that nothing disturbs to a dense adjunction of planes of a nave and a wheel. Dense can disturb, for example: catchers, heads of screws of the brake drum, supporting a plane, caps from the former steel wheel, used together with easily floatable.

The wheel should be centered on the central aperture.

It is necessary to be convinced that the internal part of a disk doesn't touch brake elements. In case on the car brakes with floating supports the distance from a disk to a support should be not less than 3-5 mm are used. Otherwise, the support can concern a disk after replacement of brake blocks.

The tire shouldn't concern car bodies at extreme positions of a wheel.

What is the wheel x-factor?

The wheel consists of a rim and a disk, in a usual steel wheel these two parts are connected by welding. In easily floatable wheel the disk and a rim are formed simultaneously by molding or a smithery.

The distance between a plane and the back party of a disk also is called as "x-factor". This concept conditional enough. A rim design are regulated by standards as it is necessary to provide landing to a rim of the pneumatic tire, the disk design is free enough. At the same time, it should provide compatibility with the brake elements, necessary durability of a wheel and attractive appearance.

Better to say, if the x-factor big the wheel "will rise" on the car where the support strongly supports a plane. If the x-factor is close to zero the wheel is intended for cars where brake elements don't support a plane, for example, (drum-type brakes on forward and back axes). At many jeeps including at "Field" 2121, the design of disk brakes is that that the support practically doesn't leave for a plane, and accordingly, wheels for these a car can be with the small h-factor.

Hedgehog of times we will underline that the x-factor - concept is faster slangy, than engineering. Even at a wheel with the big x-factor the disk can concern a support at disk transition in a rim or at disk transition in a nave. Therefore we recommend to establish wheels in the specialized trading-service centers.

How to define adjusting parameters of a wheel?

Under wheel catalogs or by direct measurement. Both that, and it is better to do another in specialized shops.

What wheels it is better - magnesian or cast?

Wheels from magnesian alloys can be both shod, and cast. Magnesian alloys are subject to the general corrosion, corrosion, therefore the wheel surface before painting should be protected a special covering, and in fixing apertures transitive plugs should be pressed.

Magnesian wheels have smaller weight, than wheels from aluminum alloys. Are used, basically, in motor racing.

Whether it is possible to establish on the car disks with other parameters (most likely, with other departure)? How much it can affect controllability, a suspension bracket condition?

Adjusting parameters of wheel PCD - diameter of the centers of fixing apertures - and DIA - diameter of an aperture under a nave - should correspond to the car strictly.

Concerning a departure: on subjective impressions of the majority of drivers, changes of controllability of the car at change of a departure of a wheel on some millimeters it is not felt. Moreover, at cars frequently establish wheels with a departure, it is considerable different from "native", for example, installation of wheels of Turkish manufacturers with a zero departure (ET 0) on "eight" (ET 35).

These wheels are on sale not the first year and were widely adopted.

Nevertheless, operation of the car, which wheel have a departure considerably different from "native", can bring to the owner certain inconveniences, somehow: more frequent sink of the car (if the wheel supports limits of a wheel niche), additional adjustments at disorder-convergence check.

What for adapters are necessary at installation of easily floatable wheel?

Speech, probably, goes about aligning rings. They are necessary for exact wheels the car bearing. For foreign cars (behind an exception "Mercedes" and "BMW") "Cues" lets out wheels with the central aperture DIA 67,1 (diameter is measured from the interior of a wheel). If the wheel is put on a foreign car with other central aperture, for example, "Ford" with DIA 63,34 in a wheel it is necessary to establish a yellow aligning ring with internal diameter 63,4 and external 67,1. Without such ring the wheel with the tire, balanced on the most exact machine tool, after installation on the car will "beat".

Whether it is possible to take for a drive a cast disk with small damage of a rim?

If there are no cracks to take for a drive a cast wheel disk of our manufacture and to restore geometry at small damages probably. Such service is offered by many workshops. However we don't recommend to it to use, as the wheel after proskating rinks doesn't meet the requirements STATE THAT on easily floatable wheels (slanting blow and fatigue durability at radial loading), namely these two tests are responsible for safety of use of wheels on cars.